The 28 of February of 1854, the Constituent Assembly decreed that the Chief of State, that was Chamorro Fruit Perez, happened to be called President of the Republic. In agreement arto. 49 the presidential period would be of four years, beginning and concluding the 1 of March. The first President governed of the 1 of March from 1854 to the 12 of March of 1855, date in which passed away.

Since then, the being President of the Republic has been cause of bloody civil wars, electoral coup d'etats, frauds, murders, constants constitutional reforms, being able to indicate that the respect to the citizen vote, the personal and in favor alternabilidad in the position, as soon as he dates from 1990, just as has happened to the military commands and police.

From the 24 of June to the 11 of November of 1857 they governed by only time in Nicaragua two presidents, in which the Binary Government was called, known by the town like “chachagua”. They were generals Tomas Martinez Guerrero (legitimista-conservative) and Maximum Tellería Sherry (democratic-liberal).

General Martinez Guerrero was the most outstanding military man in fight against the filibustero William Walker, nevertheless was the first President of the Republic in being made reelect in several occasions until adding 10 years, in 1867 had to give the presidency to general Fernando Guzmán Solórzano.

THE 30 PRESERVATIVE YEARS

With president Guzmán 30 years of preservative governments begin the calls, although there was alternabilidad of people, was not it as far as the party, the conservative, dominated by the most influential families granadinas than they imposed to presidents Vicente Lugo Block, Pedro Joaquin Chamorro Alfaro, Joaquin Zavala the Soli's, Adam Cardinal red of the Castle, Evaristo Carazo Rivas, that passed away in the exercise of the position and was happened by doctor Roberto Sacasa Sarria, in 1889, overthrown in 1893.

The liberal revolution of 1893 July took to the power to general Jose Santos Zelaya Lopez, who just as general Martinez Guerrero, was made reelect by means of constitutional reforms, governing from 1893 to December of 1909, when she was forced to resign by pressures of the North American government who had presented/displayed the ignominiosa Knox Note. It assumed then doctor Jose Madriz Rodriguez, would as well resign the 20 of August of 1910.

THE POWER BETWEEN BROTHERS

In August of 1910 the case that occurred by only time in Nicaragua a brother gives the presidential power to him to another brother. When resigning doctor Madriz, the National Assembly chooses like temporary president to colonel Jose Dolores Estrada Morales of the Liberal Party, nine days later gives the presidency to his brother, general Juan Jose Estrada, who along with Aurelio and Irineo, were known like “the Graco Brothers”.

As vice-president takes possession Adolph Diaz Recinos, a stranger accountant, employee of a North American company, been born in Alajuela, Costa Rica, would play an outstanding role in the history of the entreguistas politicians of our national sovereignty. The 9 of May of 1911, resign general Estrada Morales and assume Diaz Recinos, was sent like unique candidate, taking possession for a new presidential period from the 1 of January from 1913 to the 1 of January of 1917.

The governments of Diaz Recinos characterized by their submission the North American troops of occupation, the betrayal by means of the Dawson Pacts, their pretension to turn to Nicaragua a protectorate like which he existed in Cuba and whose embers is in the enclave of Guantánamo. During the call War of Mena he assumed positions of little respect for a governor, his government loads the death of general Benjamín Zeledón Rodriguez, the 4 of October of 1912.

Between 1917 and 1920 he governed general Emiliano Chamorro Vargas. He imposed like successor in the Presidency his relative, Diego Manuel Chamorro Bolaños, son of ex- president Pedro Joaquin Chamorro Alfaro, during this government occurs the first presidential case of nepotism, were numerous the members of the Chamorro family that held positions public. The 17 of October of 1923 passed away and the vice-president happened to him Don Bartholomew Martinez González.

TOMAS FROM POSSESSION

Until then the possession takings they lacked solemnity, were made in closed spaces, generally in the premises of the National Assembly, in the National Palace, destroyed by the earthquake of the 31 of March of 1931, located where it is the present Palace of the Culture.

In January of 1925 it took possession from the presidency Don Carlos Jose Solórzano Gutiérrez, of the Conservative Party and his vice-president, doctor Juan Baptist Sacasa Sacasa, of the Liberal Party, son of dethroned President Conservador, Roberto Sacasa Sarria. General Emiliano Chamorro Vargas, the 25 of October gives a military coup, well-known like “the Lomazo”, when taking itself the Hill from Tiscapa. In fact he assumes the government.

The 12 of January of 1926, the National Congress, forced by general Chamorro Vargas dismiss doctor Sacasa Sacasa. Day 14 resigns President Solórzano Gutiérrez and the 17 of January, Chamorro Vargas takes possession from the Presidency of the Republic. The 30 of October of 1926 are forced to resign by the pressure of the North American government. It assumes senator Sebastián Uriza provisionally. The 11 of November takes possession from the presidency by third time Adolph Diaz Recinos until the 31 of December of 1928.

Diaz Recinos faced the call Constitutionalist War, with the support of the troops North American inspectors, until the 4 of May of 1927 decided the cease the war in Tipitapa, Henry L. Stimpson and general Jose Maria Moncada Tapia. That date is well-known also like the Day of the Dignity, by to have initiated the nationalistic fight of general Augusto C. Sandino.

The 1 of January of 1929, general Moncada Tapia, under the protection of the North American sailors, takes possession from the presidency, a preservative one gives the government a liberal one, both under the shade of the imperial eagle, while the combats in segovianas mountains were increased, also were increased the aerial forces of occupation and their means.

The 1 of January of 1933 takes possession from the presidency doctor Juan Baptist Sacasa Sacasa in the Seat of Republic, in an act witnessed by notary public, obtained the 84 percent of the votes, to the few days the occupation forces left, the 2 of February signs an agreement of peace with general Augusto C. Sandino, in the Presidential House. A year later, the 21 of February, would have the insult of the Head Director of the National Guard, general Anastasio Somoza Garci'a who assassinated general Sandino, to their Sócrates brother, generals Juan Pablo Umanzor and Francisco Estrada.

The 9 of June of 1936, resign president Sacasa Sacasa as a result of the military coup given by Somoza Garci'a. Taking possession doctor Carlos Brenes Jarquín, exerts the position until the 1 of January of 1937, that day assumes the Presidency of the Republic for the first time, Anastasio Somoza Garci'a. The act is made in the Esplanade of Tiscapa, having initiated a dynastic dictatorship that will last until the 19 of 1979 July. By third time a governor by means of the usual reforms of the Constitution prolongs his mandate, this time of the 1 of January from 1937 to the 1 of May of 1947.

THE CAYMAN GOES AWAY

For years 1940 porro was very popular in Nicaragua Colombian goes away the cayman, was no celebration where it was not executed. Doctor Leonardo Argüello Barreto was old a liberal one who had occupied different ministries in different governments, Public Instruction, Interior, Chancellor, deputy, diplomat. Candidate by Somoza was imposed Garci'a, happening through the aspirations of Lorenzo Guerrero Gutiérrez and Alexander Abaunza Espinoza.

The competing candidate was doctor Watered down Enoc, ex- vice-president of general Moncada Tapia. The fraud directed by Somoza Garci'a was evident, doctor Argüello Barreto took possession, always in the Esplanade of Tiscapa, the 1 of May of 1947. Numerous delegations became presents, the town although it knew that it was a presidency product of the electoral fraud, went to festejar that Somoza Garci'a left the presidency after ten years.

Rage, nervousness and laughter took place in a strange mixture, when somebody began to whistle goes away the cayman, amount of assistants immediately intoned melodía, while the pretoriana guard listened impotent, grasping with force the butts of the machine guns.

Greater president Arguello Barreto was the rage of Somoza cuado Garci'a already, in his speech of possession taking said: “I will not be, tenedlo by insurance, a simple President of turn dragged by the bellwether to take of the current of the custom and the tradition”. In few days it took a series of measures that counted on the popular support but which they caused the rage of the Head Director of the G.N. The 26 of May would be overthrown, leaving to exile, passed away in the D.F. Mexico the 15 of December of 1947, their rest have not been brought.

The 26 of May of 1947 took possession from the presidency Don Benjamín Lacayo Sacasa, the act made in the National Palace counted on the presence of several hundreds of soldiers sent by Somoza Garci'a, in that same session the members of the National Congress declared president Argüello incompetent Barreto to exert the presidency by mental problems, according to mocionó the deputy by Estelí, Adolph Urrutia. Don Benjamín had to resign.

The 15 of August of 1947, on a par of the resignation of Don Benjamín, the taking of presidential possession occurs, almost in clandestine form, of doctor Victor Manuel Roman and Reyes and like vice-president Mariano Argüello Vargas. Doctor Roman and Reyes, relative of Somoza Garci'a, passed away the 6 of May of 1950, in Filadelfia, the United States of America, that same day the National Congress designated to Somoza Garci'a to conclude the presidential period the 1 of March of 1951.

Anastasio Somoza Garci'a when trying a new re-election, undergoes an attack from Rigoberto Lopez Perez, passes away the 29 of September, in Panama. His son happens to him Luis Anastasio Somoza Debayle, who the 1 of May of 1963, gave in the National Stage, the presidential band to doctor Rene Schick Gutiérrez, passed away the 3 of August of 1966 and one of the vice-presidents happened to him, Lorenzo Guerrero Gutiérrez, who took possession in the National Palace. He as well gave to the presidency to Anastasio Somoza Debayle.

A taking of possession with scent to powder was the one of doctor Francisco Urcuyo Maliaño, the 17 of 1979 July. Hardly hours before, Anastasio Somoza Debayle had presented/displayed its resignation, the act was made in the then Intercontinental Hotel, now Hotel Crowne Plaza. It lasted two days, the 18 of July also left. The 20 of July the Governing body took possession of National Reconstruction, was in the National Palace and administered an oath the Delegate of the O.A.S. by not having no authority constituted in the country.

The 10 of January of 1985, in the Seat of the Republic, took possession from the presidency of the Republic, the commander Daniel Ortega Saavedra, until then Coordinator of the Governing body. It gave the presidential band as well, in the National Stage, to Doña Violeta Districts of Chamorro, the 25 of April of 1990. The 10 of January of 1997 in he himself site, doctor Arnoldo took possession Alemán Lacayo, during the act, the Argentine singer Palito Ortega, ex- governor of the Province of Tucaman, sang “I I have faith”. The 10 of January of 2001, also gave to the presidency in the stage to the engineer Enrique to him Bolaños Geyer.

The 10 of January of the 2007, again the commander Daniel Ortega Saavedra, assumes the Presidency of the Republic. The possession taking will be elsewhere, the Seat of No Alineados (NOAL) Omar Torrijos, in front where they were his old presidential offices that now will be in center of Olof Conventions Palme.

For the first time, after taking poseción, the President of the Republic will be transferred to another site, the Seat Juan Pablo II, where he will say a speech before the population. The area of the Presidential House, the parks Darío and Central, the old Cathedral of Managua, the Seat of the Republic and the Palace of the Culture, will be released of the safety measures that as much bothered to visitors and tourists, the monument to Rubén Darío could be photographed freely.

It is important that the new government makes official and does I publish the announcement that what was part of the Historical Center of old Managua, is released of restrictive measures, including takings of photographies and videos, access to streets is and avenues that surround what was the office of the President of the Republic.